Granular casts
Type II granular casts Granular casts (type II) are described by Lindner as hyaline matrix casts filled with granules similar to cy…
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Fatty casts
The fatty casts are casts that contain lipid droplets sequestrated in a hyaline matrix. Because of the maltese cross interference p…
casts - Renal casts S ( Generalities )
A few suggested nomenclature rules The rule of third Mixed casts There is no widely accepted rules for the cas…
casts - Cellular casts
In a routine urinalysis, the term cellular cast means a cast having a hyaline or waxy matrix with inclusion of cells. The most frequent cells are the…
casts - Origin and composition
Tamm-Horsfall protein Composition The Tamm-Horsfall protein is a glycoprotein isolated from normal urine by Tamm and Horsfall in the early f…
Oval fat bodies
Definition Oval fat bodies are cells with birefringent fat droplets within their cytoplasm. Under low power magnification, oval fat …
Epithelial cells
Epithelial cells Epithelium is one of the four primary tissues ( Epithelium, connective, muscle, nervous) found in the human organism. This …