Uric acids and amorphous urates
Uric acid Uric acid crystallizes in the orthorombic system. Uric acid crystals can appear under several shapes. The classic crystals …
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Calcium oxalates
In the urinary sediment, one can find two forms of calcium oxalate crystals. The most frequent form is the di-hydrated calcium oxalat…
Crystals of the urinary sediment
Clinical significance Except for the cystine crystals and a few others, the majority of crystals found in the urinary sediment are of limite…
casts - Other casts
This section is dedicated to special rare casts. Fibrin thread casts These casts are hyaline casts embedding, within their matrix, fibrin th…
Miscellaneous casts
Microorganism inclusion casts Bacteria The presence of microorganism within a cast is naturally specific to infection of the kidney…
The blood casts
About blood casts Blood casts are of prime clinical significance. Even a rare finding is indicative of renal "glomerular" bleeding…
Granular casts
Type II granular casts Granular casts (type II) are described by Lindner as hyaline matrix casts filled with granules similar to cy…