Introduction to Hematology
Introduction of Hematology
What is meant by the knowledge of diseases of the blood
Hematology is the science that looks at the components of the blood and various illnesses.
The definition of blood
Definition of Blood
Blood is a viscous liquid textures of a red color forms within the connective tissue fills the heart and is going on inside the body through the blood vessels (veins and arteries and capillaries), and the volume of blood in the body 5-6 liters in an adult where the 8 per0.7% of body weight, and quantity of blood in the circulatory system (heart and blood vessels) two thirds of the amount in the whole body while the remaining one third is stored in the liver, spleen and other parts of the body.
Physical characteristics of blood
Physical properties of blood
Colour Colour
Red color of blood as a result of the presence of a compound of hemoglobin, which earns blood this color and this color varies depending on the type of blood is bright red blood in the arteries as a result of the presence of oxygen and dark red blood in the veins due to the presence of carbon dioxide.
Viscosity Viscosity
Of blood viscosity five times the viscosity of water, they are in men and women at 4.7 4.3 and the viscosity of blood depends mainly on the proteins found in plasma and in particular the protein fibrinogen.
Specific Gravity Specific gravity of blood
Men ranging in between 1.057 - 1.067 in women between 1.051 - 1.061 and is dependent on the material dissolved in the plasma, such as protein and red blood cells.
PH blood pH
Blood tends to reach the point of saluting the alkaline pH of 7.4 in the blood of the arteries and veins the blood of 7.35.
Blood components
Blood components
Blood consists of two important parts:
- Plasma (Plasma) and constitute 55% of the total volume of blood.
- Blood cells (Blood cells) and accounted for 45% of the total volume of blood.
First: Plasma ((Plasma
Is a liquid part which swim in blood cells, which are the color of pale yellow and the water is 90% of the total volume of plasma and this is important if we know that water is a good solvent for many materials and molecules and therefore this makes it a compromise effective for the transfer of food particles dissolved in it, The remaining 10% consists of the following:
- Blood proteins (albumin, globulin, fibrinogen and thrombin).
- Materials such as sugars, fats, vitamins, enzymes and hormones.
- Directorial materials such as urea, creatinine and uric acid.
- Inorganic materials such as potassium, calcium, sodium, iron, chlorine, magnesium and other elements.
Can be obtained on the plasma centrifuge process after the addition of proof of the clot, where blood cells are deposited.
Second: The blood cells ((Blood cells
Blood cells are divided into three sections:
- White blood cells White Blood Cells) WB.C. )
- Red blood cells, Red Blood Cells) RBC).
- Platelets (Blood Platelets).
Functions of the blood and Functions of Blood
1. Respiratory function Respiratory
Is the transfer of oxygen (O2) from the lungs to the tissues and the expulsion of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the tissues to the lungs.
2. Job Nutritive food
Is the transfer and distribution of food from the gut to all the different tissues of the body.
3. Job directorial Excretory
The blood carrying metabolites from the tissues to the output devices for example: the transfer of carbon dioxide to the lungs and the transfer of urea to the kidneys.
4. Regulate body temperature Regulation of body temperature
Blood works to distribute heat to all parts of your body heat is transferred quickly from deep tissue to tissue surface and vice versa, so it maintains the balance of the body (Body balance) also plays an important role in the organization of the degree of acidity (pH) in different organs.
5. Maintain water balance Water balance
Blood plays an important role and vital role in water balance in the body, maintaining the amount of water present in the body and through out the excess water by the kidneys and through the sweat glands in the body.
6. Transport and organization of the secretion of hormones, Transport and regulation of hormone
The organization of blood secretion of hormones from the glands and maintains its percentage in parallel in the blood as is also the transfer of these hormones from their places of production to the places in which they operate.
7. Defend the body or protection Defence
Has blood on the white blood cells (WBC), which produces antibodies (Antibodies) that you defend the body against microbes and viruses that are attacking (ie, has a key role in the body's immunity against various diseases).
8. Blood clotting Blood coagulation
Blood work on the prevention of bleeding (Bleeding) by a process of coagulation or clotting of the blood, where blood clotting factors work (Coagulation factors) that have an important role in the process to stop the bleeding during injury and thereby preserve the natural amount of blood in the body.
Introduction of Hematology
What is meant by the knowledge of diseases of the blood
Hematology is the science that looks at the components of the blood and various illnesses.
The definition of blood
Definition of Blood
Blood is a viscous liquid textures of a red color forms within the connective tissue fills the heart and is going on inside the body through the blood vessels (veins and arteries and capillaries), and the volume of blood in the body 5-6 liters in an adult where the 8 per0.7% of body weight, and quantity of blood in the circulatory system (heart and blood vessels) two thirds of the amount in the whole body while the remaining one third is stored in the liver, spleen and other parts of the body.
Physical characteristics of blood
Physical properties of blood
Colour Colour
Red color of blood as a result of the presence of a compound of hemoglobin, which earns blood this color and this color varies depending on the type of blood is bright red blood in the arteries as a result of the presence of oxygen and dark red blood in the veins due to the presence of carbon dioxide.
Viscosity Viscosity
Of blood viscosity five times the viscosity of water, they are in men and women at 4.7 4.3 and the viscosity of blood depends mainly on the proteins found in plasma and in particular the protein fibrinogen.
Specific Gravity Specific gravity of blood
Men ranging in between 1.057 - 1.067 in women between 1.051 - 1.061 and is dependent on the material dissolved in the plasma, such as protein and red blood cells.
PH blood pH
Blood tends to reach the point of saluting the alkaline pH of 7.4 in the blood of the arteries and veins the blood of 7.35.
Blood components
Blood components
Blood consists of two important parts:
- Plasma (Plasma) and constitute 55% of the total volume of blood.
- Blood cells (Blood cells) and accounted for 45% of the total volume of blood.
First: Plasma ((Plasma
Is a liquid part which swim in blood cells, which are the color of pale yellow and the water is 90% of the total volume of plasma and this is important if we know that water is a good solvent for many materials and molecules and therefore this makes it a compromise effective for the transfer of food particles dissolved in it, The remaining 10% consists of the following:
- Blood proteins (albumin, globulin, fibrinogen and thrombin).
- Materials such as sugars, fats, vitamins, enzymes and hormones.
- Directorial materials such as urea, creatinine and uric acid.
- Inorganic materials such as potassium, calcium, sodium, iron, chlorine, magnesium and other elements.
Can be obtained on the plasma centrifuge process after the addition of proof of the clot, where blood cells are deposited.
Second: The blood cells ((Blood cells
Blood cells are divided into three sections:
- White blood cells White Blood Cells) WB.C. )
- Red blood cells, Red Blood Cells) RBC).
- Platelets (Blood Platelets).
Functions of the blood and Functions of Blood
1. Respiratory function Respiratory
Is the transfer of oxygen (O2) from the lungs to the tissues and the expulsion of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the tissues to the lungs.
2. Job Nutritive food
Is the transfer and distribution of food from the gut to all the different tissues of the body.
3. Job directorial Excretory
The blood carrying metabolites from the tissues to the output devices for example: the transfer of carbon dioxide to the lungs and the transfer of urea to the kidneys.
4. Regulate body temperature Regulation of body temperature
Blood works to distribute heat to all parts of your body heat is transferred quickly from deep tissue to tissue surface and vice versa, so it maintains the balance of the body (Body balance) also plays an important role in the organization of the degree of acidity (pH) in different organs.
5. Maintain water balance Water balance
Blood plays an important role and vital role in water balance in the body, maintaining the amount of water present in the body and through out the excess water by the kidneys and through the sweat glands in the body.
6. Transport and organization of the secretion of hormones, Transport and regulation of hormone
The organization of blood secretion of hormones from the glands and maintains its percentage in parallel in the blood as is also the transfer of these hormones from their places of production to the places in which they operate.
7. Defend the body or protection Defence
Has blood on the white blood cells (WBC), which produces antibodies (Antibodies) that you defend the body against microbes and viruses that are attacking (ie, has a key role in the body's immunity against various diseases).
8. Blood clotting Blood coagulation
Blood work on the prevention of bleeding (Bleeding) by a process of coagulation or clotting of the blood, where blood clotting factors work (Coagulation factors) that have an important role in the process to stop the bleeding during injury and thereby preserve the natural amount of blood in the body.