Urinalysis.
11.1 Specimen.
3 possibilities in this case:
Random
specimen
First
morning specimen
Midstream
clean-catch specimen
1. 11.2 Routine Urinalysis.
Principle:
Urine analysis is a simple and convenient way to perform a
series of screening tests that help in determining a variety of renal, urinary
tract and systemic diseases. The semi quantitative test strip, Combur -10 test
(ROCHE) determines the presence of the following parameters by visual reading.
·
pH.
·
Leukocytes.
·
Nitrite.
·
Protein.
·
Glucose.
·
Ketone bodies.
·
Urobilinogen.
·
Bilirubin.
·
Blood
2 Appearance: Record appearance using
one of the following terms:
1. Clear
2. Hazy
3. Turbid/Cloudy.
6.2 CHEMICAL EXAMINATION OF THE URINE (semi quantitative dip strip):
Note: The common chemical testing of urine
utilizes commercial disposable test strip in our lab is Combur -10 test
(ROCHE), semi quantitative dip strip.
6.2.1
Urine sample is mixed thoroughly before testing. The sample should be at room
temperature when the test is performed and should not be standing for more than
one to two hour.
6.2.2 A
test strip is taken out of the container. The container must be closed
immediately after removal of the strip; if not the test areas may become
discolored due to moisture and may give erroneous results.
6.2.3
The strip is dipped in the urine for about 1 second; the technician must make
sure that all test areas were moistened.
6.2.4
Withdraw the strip, drawing the edge of the strip along the top of the specimen
container to remove excess urine
6.2.5
The reaction colors of the test areas are compared with the colors in the label
after 60 seconds and after 60-120 seconds for leukocytes test area.
6.2.6
Results are determined by assigning the value of nearest color area on the
strip container, to the color of the result area.
6.3 MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION:
6.3.1
The sample should be at room temperature when the test is performed and should
not be standing for more than one to two hours.
6.3.2
5ml of urine sample is poured into a conical tube.
6.3.3
The sample is centrifuged for 5 minutes at 3000 rpm.
6.3.4
Supernatant is decanted keeping 1 ml of the sediment.
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